45C8 Carbon Steel
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DETAILED INFORMATION
Gears, shafts, and fasteners are commonly made of low-carbon steel grade 45C8. This heat-treatable steel is often used in automotive and other machinery components. Steel EN8 is also known as EN8 steel. It can be heated. It is also highly machinable, has excellent dimensional stability, and has high wear resistance.
In addition to manufacturing mechanical components, steel grade 45C8 is used to construct structures and other applications requiring durability and strength. It is also easy to machine and form using conventional methods, in addition to its good weldability. The additional benefit of its low cost is that, compared to other types of steel, it is a much more economical choice for various projects.
In addition to its fatigue strength, it is also resistant to wear and impact, making it suitable for high-stress applications. 45C8 steel also has high compressive strength and good hardenability.
The steel grade 45C8 can be used for various applications, particularly in mechanical components, due to its versatility and cost-effectiveness.
Another important property of steel grade 45C8 is that it can be heat treated. It can be heat treated to increase its strength and hardness, making it more suitable for high-stress and high-load applications. The most common heat treatment processes for 45C8 steel are quenching and tempering. To rapidly cool steel, it is heated to a specific temperature and quenched in oil or water. The steel is then hardened at a lower temperature. In addition to increasing strength and toughness, it also improves flexibility.
Carbon is the key alloying element in 45C8 carbon plates of steel. Additionally, they contain up to 0.4% silicon and 1.2% manganese. These steels also contain residual elements such as copper, molybdenum, aluminum, chromium, and nickel.
In addition to axles, bolts, forged connecting rods, crankshafts, torsion bars, light gears, guide rods, screws, forgings, wheel tires, shafts, sickles, axes, knives, woodworking drills, hammers, etc., 45C8 steel grade round bar, steel plate, flat, and square are commonly used.
Factors such as manufacturing process, heat treatment, and microstructure can also affect the properties of 45C8 steel. Consequently, it is vital to consult the appropriate specifications and standards for the specific application and ensure that the steel meets the requirements.
It is also essential to consider machinability when using steel grade 45C8. It can be easily shaped and cut using conventional machine tools due to its good machinability. Therefore, it is ideal for applications requiring precise and intricate shapes. Turning, drilling, tapping, milling, and grinding can improve 45C8 steel’s machinability.
Due to its strength and machinability, It is also used to manufacture various types of fasteners, such as nuts, bolts, and screws. The material also manufactures gears, shafts, and other mechanical components. In addition to engine parts, gearboxes, and drive shafts, it is also used to construct various equipment and machinery.
A versatile and cost-effective steel grade 45C8 is well-suited for various applications due to its good mechanical properties and machinability. It is commonly used to manufacture mechanical components and fasteners and construct machinery and equipment. To ensure that the steel meets the requirements for the specific application, consult the appropriate specifications and standards.
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Siuri, Tamluk, Titagarh
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Product Description
Category | Grades | Size | Standard |
Carbon Structure Steel | Q195, Q215, Q235, Q275 | 16mm-250mm | GB/T700-2006 |
Low Alloy high Strength Structure Steel | Q295, Q345, Q390, Q420, Q460 |
16mm-250mm | GB/T1591-2008 |
Prime Carbon Structure Steel | 10#, 20#, 35#, 45#, 60#, 20Mn, 65Mn, B2, B3, JM20, SH45,S45C, C45 | 16mm-250mm | GB/T3077-1999 |
Alloy Structure Steel |
30Mn2,40Mn2,27SiMn,42Crmo,20Cr,40Cr,20CrMo,35CrMo, 20CrMnTi,30CrMnTi,20MnVB, 20MnTiB,20CrNiMo,Q345B, 35MnBM,40MnB,36Mn2V,45MnV |
16mm-250mm | GB/T1222-84 |
Spring Steel | 65Mn, 60Si2Mn, 50CrVA | 16mm-250mm | GB/T1222-84 |
Bearing Steel | GCr15, GCr15GD,55SiMoV | 16mm-250mm | GB/T18254-2002 |
Structural Steels Subject to end-quench Hardenability Requirement | 20CrMnTi, 30CrMnTi,20Cr, 40Cr,30CrMo,42CrMoA, 40Mn2,q345b,35MnBM, 40MnB,45MnV. |
16mm-250mm | GB/T5216-2004 |
Oil Wells Structural Steel | 37Mn5, 36Mn2V | 16mm-250mm | Q/LYS248-2007 |
Marine Anchor Chain Steel | CM490, CM690, M30Mn2 | 16mm-250mm |
YB/T66-1987 GB/T18669-2002 |
Chemical composition:
Element |
C |
Mn |
Si |
S |
P |
Content (%) |
0.43 |
0.74 |
0.22 |
0.023 |
0.030 |
Mechanical Properties:
PROPERTIES |
METRIC | IMPERIAL |
Elongation A (%) |
Reduction in cross-section on fracture Z (%) |
As-Heat-Treated Condition | Brinell hardness (HBW) |
Tensile strength Ultimate
|
660 MPa
|
95700 psi
|
43 | 33 | Solution and Aging, Annealing, Ausaging, Q+T, etc | 314 |
Tensile strength Yield
|
560 MPa
|
81200 psi
|
||||
Bulk modulus (typical for steels)
|
140 GPa |
20300 ksi
|
||||
Shear modulus (typical for steels)
|
80 GPa
|
11600 ksi
|
||||
Elastic modulus
|
190 – 210 GPa
|
19700- 30458 ksi
|
||||
Poisson’s ratio
|
0.27 -0.30
|
0.27 – 0.30
|
||||
Elongation at break (in 50 mm)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
||||
Reduction of area
|
0.4
|
0.4
|
||||
Hardness, Brinell
|
197
|
197
|
||||
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness)
|
219
|
219
|
||||
Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness)
|
92
|
92
|
||||
Hardness, Rockwell C (converted from Brinell hardness. Value below normal HRC range, for comparison purposes only)
|
13
|
13
|
||||
Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness)
|
207
|
207
|
||||
Machinability (based on AISI 1212 steel. as 100 machinabilities)
|
55
|
55
|
|
Hardness:
197
Heat treatment:
Hardening:
820 – 860°C/Water, Oil
Tempering:
550 – 660°C/air
Equivalent grades:
EN8
|
080A40
|
CK45
|
45C8
|
EN8
|
1040,1045
|
EN8A
|
080A40
|
CK45
|
45C8
|
EN8A
|
1040, 1045
|
EN8B
|
080A40
|
CK45
|
45C8
|
45C8
|
1040, 1045
|
EN8C
|
080A40
|
CK45
|
45C8
|
EN8C
|
1040,1045
|
EN8D
|
080A40
|
CK45
|
45C8
|
EN8D
|
1040, 1045
|
Physical Properties:
PROPERTIES |
METRIC |
IMPERIAL |
Density |
7.85 g/cm3 |
0.284 lb/in³ |
Thermal Properties:
PROPERTIES
|
METRIC
|
IMPERIAL
|
Thermal expansion coefficient
|
11 µm/m°C
|
6.11 µin/in°F
|
Thermal conductivity
|
49.8 W/mK
|
346 BTU in/hr.ft².°F
|
Forging Properties:
1100 – 850°C/air
Stress Reliving:
Normalizing:
840 – 880°C
Annealing:
680 – 710°C/furnace
Density:
Machinability:
60 – 28
Welding:
- Before tempering components, allow them to cool to 180°C after welding.
- Heat to 620 – 650°C at a maximum rate of 100°C/hour or 6000°C/thickness (mm)/hour, whichever is smaller. Temper for two hours. Cool to 200°C at a controlled rate of 100°C/hr. In still air, cool to room temperature. An intermediate, lower-temperature stress relief treatment may be necessary in highly restrained conditions
Alternative procedures (below) could be applied if it is not convenient to hold the component at an intermediate temperature after welding, pending heating for tempering. If restraint is very high, this alternative procedure may not prevent hydrogen-induced cracking.
Alternative procedure
- The preheat should be increased to 250°C and held for at least four hours.
- Cool to room temperature at a maximum rate of 50°C per hour.
- When convenient, temper.
Advantages of Steel Grade 45C8
Due to its unique properties and composition, steel grade 45C8, also known as EN8 steel, offers many advantages over other types of steel. The following are some of the main benefits of steel grade 45C8:
A cost-effective solution:
A cost-effective option for many applications, steel grade 45C8 is relatively inexpensive compared to other types of steel.
It has good mechanical properties, such as high strength and hardenability, making it suitable for high-stress and high-load applications.
Machinability is good:
It can be easily shaped and cut with conventional machine tools.
Weldability is good:
Conventional welding methods can be used to weld it.
Dimensional stability is good:
Under different temperatures, it retains its shape and size well.
In favorable environments, corrosion resistance is good:
Due to its corrosion resistance in mild atmospheres, it can be used in various applications.
The versatility of:
As a versatile steel, it can be used for mechanical components, fasteners, and machinery and equipment construction.
Impact resistance:
Due to its high impact resistance, it is suitable for high-stress applications.
Compressive strength is high:
Due to its high compressive strength, it can withstand high compression loads without breaking.
Wear resistance is high:
Due to its high wear resistance, it can be used in high-stress and high-load applications.
Applications of Steel Grade 45C8
Producing agricultural implements:
Metal is used to make agricultural implements such as plowshares and harrow discs.
Construction equipment manufacturing:
Cranes, excavators, and loaders are manufactured with it.
Power transmission equipment manufacturing:
Power transmission equipment such as gears, pulleys, and sprockets are made with it.
Hand tool manufacturing:
Various hand tools, such as wrenches, pliers, and hammers, are made from it.
The suitability of steel grade 45C8 for a specific application will depend on factors such as the application’s particular requirements, the environment in which it will be used, and the level of performance necessary. The steel meets the required properties by consulting the appropriate standards and specifications.